The objective of feeding ?sh is to provide the optimum nutritional requirements for good health, growth, yield while minimizing wastage to optimize pro?ts. Though natural feed forms the main source of nutrition, supplemental feeding is necessary to obtain increased production in ponds. Therefore, a good arti?cial feed not only facilitate in meeting nutritional requirements but also help to maintain good water stability and acceptance by the ?sh. To produce supplementary feed with the desired physical characteristics, feed processing and technology has a major role to play for quality feed production. Commercial feed is mainly used by few advanced and progressive farmers while the high cost is prohibitive for the small and marginal farmers. Moreover, non-conventional ingredients are normally not used for ?sh feed production by aqua feed industry, resulting into increased cost of the feed in the market. Some of the limitations in using non-conventional ingredients are poor utilization by ?sh either due to presence of anti-nutritional factors or insuf?cient processing. Furthermore, the scienti?c information on ?sh feed technology of conventional and non-conventional feeding redients are limited. Production of feed as per the requirements essentially involvesindustrial processing that needs to be marketed in the form highly preferred by the end-users. Hence, the entrepreneurs need to access and use technical information and technology available at the research institutes to produce the desired commercial demand. The combination of the technical knowledge, technological package and business skill would certainly ensure establishment of the successful venture of feed production to cater the demand.

 Homestead farming system (HFS) is mainly a need-oriented, self-provisioning, integrated, multi-species, economically sustainable and environmentally safe farming system around the house. In order to understand the contribution of HFS to household income and to devise ways to maximize returns from HFS, a survey was conducted covering 480 households in three blocks (Kakdwip, Namkhana and Sagar) of South 24-Parganas district of West Bengal located in Sundarban. Out the households surveyed, 91% come under the marginal category having less than 1 ha of landholding in which 0.1 ha was used for homestead farming. 28%income of total 480 households were contributed by HFS that comprised of aquaculture (54%) followed by animal husbandry (37%) and horticulture (9%). The 22% of total households who practiced betel vine cultivation in homestead land earn an additional gross income of Rs.75, 000/annum. More than 40 local varieties of horticultural crops and more than 25 ?sh species are cultured in HFS. However, due to inadequate supply of input and improper management, the quality and quantity of produces were not optimum. The study has clearly indicated the potential of sustainable intensi?cation of HFS for increasing production and income of poor households in rural areas, and it would lead to poverty alleviation.